Earth and Environmental Sciences

We are increasingly faced with environmental problems and required to make important decisions. In many cases an understanding of one or more geologic processes is essential to finding the appropriate solution. Earth and Environmental Sciences are by their very nature a dynamic field in which new issues continue to arise and old ones often evolve. The principal aim of this book is to present the reader with a broad overview of Earth and Environmental Sciences. Hopefully, this recent research will provide the reader with a useful foundation for discussing and evaluating specific environmental issues, as well as for developing ideas for problem solving. The book has been divided into nine sections; Geology, Geochemistry, Seismology, Hydrology, Hydrogeology, Mineralogy, Soil, Remote Sensing and Environmental Sciences.

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• Chapter 1  Geophysics and Wine in New Zealandby Stephen P. Imre and Jeffrey L. Mauk
• Chapter 2  Geological Carbon Dioxide Storage in Mexico: A First Approximationby Oscar Jiménez, Moisés Dávila, Vicente Arévalo, Erik Medina and Reyna Castro
• Chapter 3  Late Proterozoic – Paleozoic Geology of the Golan Heights and Its Relation to the Surrounding Arabian Platformby Miki Meiler, Moshe Reshef and Haim Shulman
• Chapter 4  Geology for Tomorrow's Society: Some Nordic Perspectivesby Morten Smelror
• Chapter 5  Geology and Geotectonic Setting of the Basement Complex Rocks in South Western Nigeria: Implications on Provenance and Evolutionby Akindele O. Oyinloye
• Chapter 6  The Organic-Rich and Siliceous Bahloul Formation: Environmental Evolution Using Facies Analysis and Sr/Ca & Mn Chemostratigraphy, Bargou Area, Tunisiaby Mohamed Soua, Hela Fakhfakh-Ben Jemia, Dalila Zaghbib-Turki, Jalel Smaoui, Mohsen Layeb, Moncef Saidi and Mohamed Moncef Turki
• Chapter 7  Petrography, Geochemistry and Petrogenesis of Late-Stage Granites: An Example from the Glen Eden Area, New South Wales, Australiaby A. K. Somarin
• Chapter 8  Seismic Illumination Analysis with One-Way Wave Propagators Coupled with Reflection/Transmission Coefficients in 3D Complex Mediaby Weijia Sun, Li-Yun Fu, Wei Wei and Binzhong Zhou
• Chapter 9  Seismic Ground Motion Amplifications Estimated by Means of Spectral Ratio Techniques: Examples for Different Geological and Morphological Settingsby M. Massa, S. Lovati, S. Marzorati and P. Augliera
• Chapter 10  Slope Dependent Morphometric Analysis as a Tool Contributing to Reconstruction of Volcano Evolutionby Veronika Kopačková, Vladislav Rapprich, Jiří Šebesta and Kateřina Zelenkova
• Chapter 11  Beneficiation of Talc Oreby Mahmoud M. Ahmed, Galal A. Ibrahim and Mohamed M.A. Hassan
• Chapter 12  Water Resources Assessment for Karst Aquifer Conditioned River Basins: Conceptual Balance Model Results and Comparison with Experimental Environmental Tracers Evidencesby Antonia Longobardi, Albina Cuomo, Domenico Guida and Paolo Villani
• Chapter 13  Fundamental Approach in Groundwater Flow and Solute Transport Modelling Using the Finite Difference Methodby M.U. Igboekwe and C. Amos-Uhegbu
• Chapter 14  Deposits from the Glacial Age at Lake Baikalby N.I. Akulov and M.N. Rubtsova
• Chapter 15  Application of Illite- and Kaolinite-Rich Clays in the Synthesis of Zeolites for Wastewater Treatmentby Carlos Alberto Ríos Reyes and Luz Yolanda Vargas Fiallo
• Chapter 16  Natural Radioactive Isotopes in Water in Relation with Geology and Hydrological Investigations in the Territory of Luxembourgby Zornitza Tosheva, Harald Hofmann and Antoine Kies
• Chapter 17  Carbonate-Hosted Base Metal Depositsby Fred Kamona
• Chapter 18  Simulation of Tunnel Surrounding Rock Mass in Porous Medium with Hydraulic Conductivity Tensorby Lin-Chong Huang and Cui-Ying Zhou
• Chapter 19  Soil Contamination by Trace Metals: Geochemical Behaviour as an Element of Risk Assessmentby Monika Zovko and Marija Romic
• Chapter 20  Evaluation of Soil Hydraulic Parameters in Soils and Land Use Changeby Fereshte Haghighi, Mirmasoud Kheirkhah and Bahram Saghafian
• Chapter 21  Integration of Satellite Imagery, Geology and Geophysical Databy Andreas Laake
• Chapter 22  Climate History and Early Peopling of Siberiaby Jiří Chlachula
• Chapter 23  Multivariate Analysis Techniques in Environmental Scienceby Mohammad Ali Zare Chahouki
• Chapter 24  Accumulation of Bio Debris and Its Relation with the Underwater Environment in the Estuary of Itanhaém River, São Paulo Stateby Fresia Ricardi Branco, Sueli Yoshinaga Pereira, Fabio Cardinale Branco and Paulo R. Brum Pereira
• Chapter 25  The Permo-Triassic Tetrapod Faunal Diversity in the Italian Southern Alpsby Marco Avanzini, Massimo Bernardi and Umberto Nicosia
• Chapter 26  Genomics of Bacteria from an Ancient Marine Origin: Clues to Survival in an Oligotrophic Environmentby Luis David Alcaraz, Varinia López-Ramírez, Alejandra Moreno-Letelier, Luis Herrera-Estrella, Valeria Souza and Gabriela Olmedo-Alvarez